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Washers

Your Professional Washers Supplier

Ningbo Decheng Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd. is a private company specializing in high performance high temperature, corrosion resistance, high strength and other special material fasteners. It is a privately owned enterprise, specializing in providing fasteners and custom parts of nickel-based alloy, titanium, biphase steel, 6% molybdenum and special performance stainless steel. We provide small-batch and multi-variety business services.

Quality Control
Our products meet applicable ASTM, ANSI, ASME, SAE, API, NAS, AN, MS, NACE, ISO, DIN, and KS standards.

Delivery Speed
We maintain a multi-million-dollar inventory in our product warehouse, which enables us to select, package and expedite your order quickly.

Accept ODM/OEM Service
The company undertakes the processing of non-standard customized parts for customers.

Product Application
The markets served include: Aerospace, petrochemical and refining, oil and gas, chemical processing, power generation, pharmaceutical, food and beverage, rail transit, Marine, medical industry, semiconductor and water treatment products in special areas or with special use environmental requirements.

Types of Washers

Type A Plain Washers

Our Type A plain washers are manufactured in nominal diameters ranging from 1/8"- 3" (M3 – M80). We offer Type A plain washers in both USCS/Imperial and metric sizes. Our Type A Plain Washers meet applicable ASTM, ANSI, ASME, SAE, API, NAS, AN, MS, NACE, ISO, DIN, and KS standards.

Regular Helical Spring-Lock Washers

Our regular Helical Spring-Lock Washers are manufactured in nominal diameters ranging from 1/8"- 3" (M3 – M80). We offer fasteners in both USCS/Imperial and metric sizes. Our fasteners meet applicable ASTM, ANSI, ASME, SAE, API, NAS, AN, MS, NACE, ISO, DIN, and KS standards.

Material of Washers

Metal Washers
Metal washers are perhaps the most popular washers. They are almost everywhere, from furniture screws to car engines and more. They are robust and durable, able to withstand extreme temperatures and pressures.
However, metal washers are also different. They, too, are available in various metals that differ in characteristics. For example, they can vary in corrosion resistance, strength, and cost. Some common metals used to make washers include:
● Stainless steel
● Galvanized steel
● Brass
● Aluminum
● Copper

Rubber Washers
Another best material for washers is rubber. The material is usually nitrile, which is a synthetic rubber. These types of washers are a versatile option for many applications.
Rubber washers offer excellent elasticity and cushioning properties, which are beneficial in certain scenarios. They are also soft and flexible, which makes them efficient seals to irregular surface areas.
However, rubber washers can quickly distort under high-pressure applications or extreme temperatures.

Plastic Washers
The last best material for washers is plastic. Plastic washers offer a unique combination of properties. For example, they are lightweight. They can also act as electrical insulation, making them ideal for electrical applications.
Plastic washers also offer excellent rust and corrosion resistance. But, like rubber washers, plastic washers have a limited temperature tolerance. However, most washer manufacturers will give you several options depending on tensile strength, dielectric strength, and bending stiffness.

CApplication of Washers

Spacing
Washers are excellent substitutes for spacers. For example, if the threaded fastener is longer than the object’s depth, it cannot be driven completely through. One way to solve this problem is to insert washers through the nut or bolt before pushing it into the object. This creates padding to prevent the fastener from being driven too deeply.

Load Distribution
Most washers are utilized to uniformly distribute the load of the threaded fastener on which they are mounted. For instance, driving a screw into the wood may result in surface cracking. Washers reduce the likelihood of such damage by evenly distributing the overall weight.

Liquid Protection
Several types of washers prevent the infiltration of liquids and water. They are frequently applied to create a watertight seal in pipes and connections. Furthermore, liquid-sealing washers are made of a soft material that can completely press against the object’s surface.

Shock and Vibration Absorption
Vibration damping or vibration isolating washers are meant to absorb shocks and vibrations. For example, they prevent damage to objects that are fastened together, especially if one of the components vibrates forcefully.

Type A Plain Washers

Size Chart for Different Washers

Washer size charts are different for standards like USS, SAE, ASME and Metric size unit. These washer types charts provide important dimensions for different washer types.

Standard	Size	Thickness	Inside Diameter	Outside Diameter
SAE	#4	0.032″	0.125″	0.312″
SAE	#6	0.032″	0.156″	0.375″
SAE	#8	0.032″	0.188″	0.438″
SAE	#10	0.032″	0.219″	0.500″
SAE	1/4″	0.063″	0.281″	0.625″
SAE	5/16″	0.063″	0.344″	0.750″
SAE	3/8″	0.063″	0.406″	0.875″
SAE	7/16″	0.063″	0.469″	1.000″
SAE	1/2″	0.095″	0.531″	1.125″
Metric	M3	0.5mm	3.2mm	7mm
Metric	M4	0.8mm	4.3mm	9mm
Metric	M5	1mm	5.3mm	10mm
Metric	M6	1.6mm	6.4mm	12mm
Metric	M8	1.6mm	8.4mm	16mm
Metric	M10	2mm	10.5mm	20mm
Metric	M12	2.5mm	13mm	24mm
Metric	M16	3mm	17mm	30mm
Metric	M20	3mm	21mm	37mm
USS	1/4″	0.065″	0.313″	0.734″
USS	5/16″	0.083″	0.375″	0.875″
USS	3/8″	0.083″	0.438″	1.000″
USS	7/16″	0.095″	0.500″	1.125″
USS	1/2″	0.109″	0.562″	1.375″
USS	5/8″	0.134″	0.688″	1.750″
USS	3/4″	0.148″	0.813″	2.000″

How to Make a Washer

Choose the metal plate

Choose the metal plate of the desired thickness and material. Common materials include steel, aluminum, and brass.

Mark the Washer Size

Use a compass or a washer template to mark the outside and inside diameters on the metal sheet.

Cut the Outside Diameter

Use a hole saw or punch to cut the outside diameter of the washer. Make sure the hole saw size matches the outside diameter.

Drilling the inner hole

Drill a pilot hole in the center of the marked inner circle. Then use a drill or punch to make the inner hole. The size of the drill should match the inner diameter of the washer.

Deburring

Use a metal file or deburring tool to grind the rough edges of the inner and outer diameters.

Final treatment

Inspect the washer for sharp edges or defects. Polish the remaining rough parts to ensure that the washer is safe and usable.

Surface Treatments for Washers

Galvanizing
Galvanizing involves coating the washer surface with a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion. Galvanized washers have good corrosion resistance and are suitable for outdoor or humid environments.

Polishing
Polishing smooths and brightens the washer surface through mechanical or chemical methods. Polished washers are not only aesthetically pleasing but also reduce friction and improve sealing performance.

Electroplating
Electroplating involves depositing metals on the washer surface, commonly including chromium, nickel, and zinc plating. Electroplating enhances the washer's corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, providing a smooth and aesthetically pleasing surface.

Anodizing
Anodizing is an electrochemical process that forms an oxide layer on the surface of aluminum and its alloys. Anodized washers have excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and decorative properties.

Spraying
Spraying involves using a spray gun to evenly coat the washer surface with paint. This method can be applied to various materials, including metal and plastic, providing corrosion, rust, wear resistance, or specific color effects. Sprayed washers not only enhance functionality but also improve the product's aesthetics and identification.

Proper Washers Installation

Regular Helical Spring-Lock Washers

● Center the washer on the flange. This is extremely vital, especially where raised faces are involved.
● Be sure surface finish and flatness are satisfactory.
● Tighten the bolts to compress the washer uniformly. This means going from side to side around the joint. See Bolting Pattern Below.
● Use a torque wrench, well-lubricated fasteners and hardened flat washers to ensure correct initial loading.
● All bolts should be tightened in one-third increments, according to proper bolting patterns.
● Make a final check pass at the target torque value moving consecutively from bolt to bolt.
● Re-torque 12 to 24 hours after initial installation. All applicable safety standards including lockout/tagout procedures should be observed.
● Never use liquid-based or metallic-based anti-stick or lubricating compounds on the washers. Premature failure could occur as a result.

FAQ

Q: How do metal washers work?

A: Both plastic and metal washers are generally a disc shape, resembling a flattened donut. They're typically used with threaded fasteners. Before the fastener is driven into its hole, the washer is placed on the bearing surface around the hole. The fastener is then placed on top of the washer.

Q: What are the properties of a steel washer?

A: The chromium in stainless steel provides excellent corrosion resistance, and the nickel adds to the toughness and ductility of the material. Other important properties of an SS washer include its high strength and durability, even in extreme temperatures and harsh environments.

Q: How are metal washers sized?

A: To determine the size of a washer there are 3 critical dimensions. The inner diameter (ID), the outer diameter (OD), and the thickness (T). The size of the washer is referred to as the nominal size, meaning that the washer designation refers to the size of the fastener it was designed to work with.

Q: What is the order of washers on a bolt?

A: Bolt, flat washer(unless you want the head to bite into the metal), whatever you're bolting together, flat washer(unless you want the nut to bite into the metal), lockwasher(unless you're using a self locking nut), nut.

Q: Do metal washers conduct electricity?

A: Some metals are more conductive than others, but they can all conduct electricity. Non-metallic materials, though, offer electrical insulation. Non-metallic washers designed for use in applications are known as insulating washers. They are commonly used in electrical devices and equipment.

Q: Are metal washers heat resistant?

A: Stainless steel washers are heat resistant. The chromium and nickel combination creates a washer that can withstand temperatures up to 1598°F. With that high heat resistance, it's less likely to deform when exposed to high temperatures.

Q: How many washers can you use on a bolt?

A: Typically only one washer is used on the side with the nut. It distributes the pressure more evenly and provides a flat surface so the nut won't come loose. You can use one on the bolt side as well if the surface is particularly rough or uneven, and that'll help. Washers are not to be used as spacers though.

We're professional washers manufacturers and suppliers in China, specialized in providing high quality OEM&ODM service. We warmly welcome you to wholesale customized washers from our factory.

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